What does the encapsulation of radioactive material in a nuclear gauge prevent?

The encapsulation of radioactive material in a nuclear gauge is designed to contain and prevent the release of various types of radiation into the environment. This includes not just alpha particles, which are heavy and positively charged, but also beta particles, which are lighter and can penetrate further into materials. By encapsulating the radioactive source, the gauge ensures that both of these types of radiation are effectively contained, minimizing the risk of exposure to personnel and the surrounding environment.

Additionally, encapsulation serves to safeguard against the escape of gamma radiation, which is a highly penetrating form of radiation, but the focus of this particular question is on alpha and beta particles. The design of nuclear gauges typically includes shielding and protective materials that specifically target these radiological hazards, ensuring both safety and functionality in measurement applications. Thus, encapsulation is critical for maintaining safety standards when using nuclear gauges in testing and measurement practices.