What is the purpose of shielding in radiation protection?

The purpose of shielding in radiation protection is to reduce radiation exposure between a person and the source of radiation. Shielding materials, such as lead, concrete, or water, are specifically designed to absorb or deflect radiation, thus providing a barrier that decreases the intensity of radiation that reaches individuals nearby. This is crucial for protecting health and safety in environments where radiation is present, such as in medical facilities, research laboratories, and nuclear power plants.

When shielding is effectively employed, it minimizes the risk of radiation-related injuries or illnesses by allowing safe interaction with radiation sources while maintaining necessary procedures. Understanding the principles of how different materials attenuate various types of radiation (like alpha, beta, or gamma radiation) is fundamental in designing effective shielding solutions. This knowledge directly supports safe practices in fields where radiation exposure is a concern.