Which atomic particle acts as a "nuclear glue" within the nucleus?

Neutrons serve as the "nuclear glue" within the nucleus by providing the necessary strong nuclear force to hold protons together. In the atomic nucleus, protons are positively charged, which causes them to repel each other due to electromagnetic forces. Neutrons, which are neutral particles, help counterbalance this repulsion. They contribute to the overall strong nuclear force that binds protons and neutrons together, stabilizing the nucleus.

The presence of neutrons allows for the formation of stable atomic nuclei, where the strong force can overcome the repulsive electromagnetic force between the protons. A balanced ratio of neutrons to protons is crucial for maintaining nuclear stability; otherwise, the nucleus may become unstable and lead to radioactive decay.

In contrast, electrons are not found in the nucleus and do not play a role in binding nuclear particles together. Protons facilitate the identity of the element but contribute to repulsion in the nucleus. Photons, being particles of light and carriers of electromagnetic interaction, do not participate in the strong nuclear force that binds nucleons. Thus, neutrons are vital for the integrity and stability of atomic nuclei, making them the "nuclear glue."